神农架三宝洞倒数第二次冰期高分辨率石笋δ13C记录          下载免费PDF全文

姜修洋  孔兴功  汪永进  程海  张春霞 《第四纪研究》2011,31(1):1-7

基于神农架三宝洞两支石笋24个230Th年龄以及637个δ13C测试数据,建立了倒数第二次冰期191±1.8～133±0.6kaB.P.时段洞穴石笋高分辨率δ13C的时间序列.在冰期/间冰期尺度上,δ13C值振幅达4.5％,整体变化趋势与全球冰量曲线类似.在倒数第二次冰期,石笋δ13C记录揭示出一系列较大振荡幅度的千年...  相似文献   

苏里格气田东部二叠系盒8段储层次生孔隙形成主控因素          下载免费PDF全文

石新  欧阳诚  冯明友  朱萌  黄文明  谢林 《沉积与特提斯地质》2013,(4):54-59

苏里格气田东部下二叠统石盒子组8段是苏里格气田东部主要含气层位,其储集空间以各类次生孔隙为主。为明确次生孔隙控制因素,结合铸体薄片鉴定与定量统计、流体包裹体温度及成分分析等手段,对研究区盒8段储层次生孔隙特征及主控因素进行了系统研究。结果表明,苏里格气田东部盒8段储层次生孔隙的形成受有机酸溶蚀、深部热流体作用共同影响;平面分布受沉积相、构造及油气运移路径复合控制。沿构造鼻隆轴线方向、基底断裂结合部位与厚砂体叠合区附近次生孔隙最发育。  相似文献   

国内地质灾害机理与防治技术研究现状          下载免费PDF全文

李乾坤  石胜伟  韩新强  梁炯 《探矿工程》2013,40(7):52-54

根据2013年4月10～12日在北京召开的第六届全国地质灾害与防治学术会议的特邀报告、主题报告以及论文集所报道的目前国内地质灾害机理与防治技术现状,分别从地质灾害成灾机理与减灾对策、地质灾害监测预警、地质灾害防治技术与应急处置、区域地质灾害风险管理与评价等4个方面进行简要介绍和分析。这些方面的研究成果代表了目前国内地质灾害机理与防治技术研究的现状和发展方向,对促进我国今后的地质灾害机理与防治技术研究有一定的积极作用。  相似文献   

The contribution of agricultural and urban activities to inorganic carbon fluxes within temperate watersheds   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Rebecca T. Barnes  Peter A. Raymond 《Chemical Geology》2009,266(3-4):327-336

The lateral transport of bicarbonate as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to the oceans is an integral component of the global carbon budget and can represent the sequestration of CO₂ from the atmosphere. Recently studies have implicated land use change, in particular agricultural development, as an accelerator of bicarbonate export. However, due to the co-variation of land use, bedrock and surficial geologies, and the relationship between bicarbonate export and climate, the impact of anthropogenic activities on DIC export remains an important research question. In order to examine the land use controls on DIC export from small temperate watersheds we sampled 19 streams draining catchments of varying land uses with similar bedrock and surficial geologies. In addition to an agricultural effect, there was a strong correlation between the percent of watershed in urban development and DIC concentrations and DIC yields. Urban watersheds exported 7.8 times more DIC than their nearby forested counterparts and 2.0 times more DIC than nearby agricultural catchments. Isotopic data suggest that excess DIC export from altered systems results from increased chemical weathering, enhanced CO₂ production within urban green spaces, and as a result of organic matter loading from septic systems and leaky sewer lines. Furthermore, we found that nitrogen additions (e.g. fertilizers and manure) are aiding in the dissolution of lime, increasing the total export of DIC from agricultural watersheds. Calculated anthropogenic loading rates ranged from 0.43 to 0.86 mol C m^− 2 yr^− 1. These loading rates suggest that a significant portion of global DIC export might be attributable to human activities, although the impacts on CO₂ sequestration are difficult to determine.  相似文献   

上海地区第四承压含水层沉积环境及结构特征     

吴建中  俞俊英  李晓  方志雷 《上海国土资源》2009,(1)

上海地区第四承压含水层是地下水开发利用的主要层次,对其沉积环境、成因、结构特征进行深入研究有利于更好地开展地下水资源开发利用及地质环境保护工作.本文在对上海地区大量钻孔资料深入分析的基础上,对第四承压含水层形成时期即早更新世中、晚期沉积环境及含水层的成因进行了深入剖析,对含水层结构特征进行了详细刻画,为三维地质结构的建立奠定了基础.  相似文献   

麻黄山西区延长组长4+5至长6储层成岩作用及成岩演化史研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李顺利  李胜利  于兴河  杜伟维 《地质力学学报》2009,15(4):374-384

麻黄山西区长4＋5至长6储层为一套三角洲前缘亚相的细砂岩,研究证明砂岩目前处于中成岩A期。机械压实与胶结作用是孔隙减少的主要作用,也是本区原生孔隙少、储集物性差的直接原因;而大气淡水的淋滤作用及有机酸溶蚀作用,尤其是有机酸溶蚀作用,是产生次生孔隙的主要作用,使局部储层物性有所改善,因此次生孔隙是本区油气的主要储集空间,下一步油气勘探开发应注重对有利次生孔隙空间的预测。  相似文献   

东营凹陷沙四段碳酸盐岩稀土元素地球化学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王东  王国芝  郝雪峰  石砥石  姜秀芳 《沉积与特提斯地质》2009,29(4):62-67

东营凹陷古近系沙河街组碳酸盐岩的成因一直存在湖相与海相之争。沙四段碳酸盐岩呈厚薄不等的夹层赋于陆相碎屑岩中。本文对研究区代表性碳酸盐岩样品稀土元素地球化学特征的分析表明：东营凹陷古近系沙四段碳酸盐岩的∑LREE〉∑MREE〉∑HREE,MREE相对于HREE富集;不具备Ce／Ce＊负异常特征;Y／Ho值为25．5～34．1,La／La＊值为0．99～1．21;Y／Ho—La／La＊呈负相关关系。所有这些特征均与湖相成因碳酸盐岩一致,沙四段碳酸盐岩的形成应为湖相成因。  相似文献   

冻土工程与环境研究的新进展——第八届国际冻土工程会议回顾     

牛富俊  李国玉  赵淑萍  张淑娟  赵永国 《冰川冻土》2009,31(6):1166-1177

2009年10月在西安召开第八届国际冻土工程会议, 就冻土地区工程设计与建设、季节冻土区工程冻害防治、冻土物理力学特性、 模型发展及其应用、寒区气候、环境及冷生变化、多年冻土水文学、寒区水资源和土地应用等主要议题进行了广泛交流, 报告了近年来冻土工程与环境研究方面的一些新进展. 从冻土工程设计、施工和评价、普通冻土研究、冻土的物理力学性质、冻土模型发展及应用、 气候变化及冰冻圈环境等方面对该次会议交流的成果进行了总结. 与会研究者认为今后的研究一方面要加强理论研究、工程措施机理研究;另一方面要加强寒区环境对气候变化的响应及反馈、以及环境变化与冻土工程措施之间的相互作用研究.  相似文献   

气象风险源的社会关注度风险等级分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗慧  李良序  张彦宇  刘璐  李社宏  李彩莲 《气象》2008,34(5):9-13

为了定量分析社会公众对气象风险关注等级程度以及对应等级的关注人数,综合应用模糊数学和多项式拟合方法,以西安市2004年1月至2007年10月,与当地公众生活关系密切的5类高影响天气事件,即:高温、雷暴、大到暴雨、中雨和小雨,作为潜在气象风险源,综合应用12121气象信息服务电话拨打次数和气象信息,计算出气象风险超越概率,通过对其4次多项式的拟合和求解,定量计算了一般、中、高三等级的气象风险关注度以及对应等级的关注人数.这有利于政府决策者及社会公众在响应气象风险时有较为定量的判断.  相似文献   

Pyrolysis of immature Torbanite and of the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant alga Botryococcus braunii. Mechanism of formation and structure of torbanite     

C. Largeau  S. Derenne  E. Casadevall  A. Kadouri  N. Sellier 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)

Immature Torbanite and the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant B. braunii were previously compared using bulk spectroscopic methods. In the present work, analysis of 400°C pyrolysis products and pyrolysis residues provided further information on their structure and possible relationships. It appears that such polymers are based upon unbranched, saturated, cross-linked hydrocarbon chains up to C₃₁. In addition to these bridging structures, a substantial part of the alkyl chains is singly bound, as esters of unbranched, saturated or cis unsaturated, even fatty acids. These esters are sterically protected, against chemical degradations, by the network of the bioand geopolymer.Quantitative and qualitative observations derived from 400°C pyrolysis confirm that the chemical structure of PRB A and immature Torbanite are closely related. The pyrolysis residues show a similar evolution and numerous common features are noted, with respect to the nature and the distribution of the major constituents of the pyrolysates (hydrocarbons and fatty acids). Accordingly, Botryococcus provides what seems to be the first example of a close structural relationship between a biopolymer produced in large amounts by an extant alga and the geopolymer of an immature kerogen. The essential role of PRB A in Torbanite formation is ascertained. Moreover, it is found that the resistant biopolymer does not undergo important structural changes during the first stages of diagenesis. Thus, owing to steric protection, the esters of immature Torbanite show a distribution quite close to the one of PRB A esters, with exclusively even constituents and a large contribution of unsaturated acids.Recent observations pointed to the possible genesis of some algal kerogens principally by selective preservation of resistant macromolecules. Such a type of formation is clearly predominant in Torbanite, where the bulk of the fossil organic matter corresponds to a selectively preserved and weakly altered, resistant biopolymer, while incorporation of lipids into the kerogen structure during diagenesis seems to play a minor role.  相似文献